Blog | News in Industrial Installations and Maintenance

January 2022

What is Industry 4.0?

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has arrived with what is known as Industry 4.0, a new way of operating for businesses, which have seen a change in the environments in which they compete.

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Definition: what is Industry 4.0?

The first time the term Industry 4.0 was used was at the Hannover Fair in 2011, the most important global industrial fair.

The concept was used with the intention of starting the path towards a project that would carry out the conception and development of the smart factory.

It would be a factory associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which meant computerized production, with an interconnection between all its processes. All this making use of the Internet of Things (IoT), more well known today as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).

The term Industry 4.0 encompasses many purposes and concepts. However, early advancements involve integrating greater flexibility and individualization into manufacturing processes.

Industry 4.0 Goals

Industry 4.0 holds promise: to drive a new revolution that combines advanced production techniques and procedures with smart technologies. All this to be incorporated into companies, people and assets.

This revolution is defined by the emergence of new technologies. Among other:

  • The robotic.
  • The advanced analytics of Industry 4.0.
  • Cognitive technologies.
  • Artificial intelligence (AI).
  • Nanotechnology.
  • The internet of things (IoT).

Due to these changes, organizations have a duty to identify those technologies that best meet their needs in order to invest in them. In addition, they must undertake the changes required in their facilities in order to adapt them.

In the case of opting for external services, the management of comprehensive installations by Cimelsa is carried out using the latest available technology. With this they manage to increase the precision of their work and guarantee their clients a professional service, as well as adapted to the current characteristics and needs of the industry.

Importance of Industry 4.0

Digitally incorporating information from different sources and locations allows doing business in a continuous cycle.

As that cycle unfolds, the constant flow of information and actions between the physical and digital worlds drives real-time access to information.

This occurs through a few iterative steps:

  • Physical world – Digital world. Information is obtained from the first and a digital record of that information is made.
  • Digital – Digital. Information is shared and interpreted thanks to advanced Industry 4.0 analytics, as well as scenario analysis and AI, in order to discover relevant information.
  • Digital world – Physical world. The decisions of the digital world are translated into effective data thanks to algorithms, while actions and changes within the physical world are stimulated.

Thanks to Industry 4.0, the operations of industrial businesses improve, as well as their income. This also enables the transformation of products, the supply chain itself and, of course, customer expectations.

Furthermore, new technologies linked to Industry 4.0 can lead to novel goods and services.

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Technologies that are driving Industry 4.0

Among the technologies that are helping Industry 4.0 reach its maximum development, are those that follow.

Cloud Computing

It is the basis for any strategy in Industry 4.0 because it allows connectivity and integration of services, production, engineering, supply chain, sales and distribution.

It also makes it possible to store and analyze a large amount of data, which is processed more easily, something really valuable in industrial maintenance processes.

Internet of Things (IoT)

It is a fundamental mechanism in smart factories. Machines in production plants in the industrial sector are equipped with sensors that have an IP address. This allows them to connect with other web-ready devices.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning

Some industrial machines have a tendency to break down during certain production processes. Well, the use of the collected data will help the facilities to perform predictive maintenance based on machine learning algorithms. This will increase uptime as well as efficiency.

Cybersecurity

Companies in the industrial sector have not always taken into account the importance of cybersecurity. However, the great connectivity of the equipment in the 4.0 factories that allows for much more efficient production processes, also exposes new access routes for cyber attacks. Therefore, its protection is essential.

Digital twin

Advanced analytics is one of the applications included in Industry 4.0 that has the most travel, use and impact in the short term.

This is mainly due to:

The possibility of having information throughout the value chain.
Increased storage capacities.
New ways to analyze and process data.

All this means that multiple utilities of advanced analytics continue to emerge, which generate relevant impacts on the processes of the industrial sector.

Its applications in industry can be classified into predictive, descriptive and prescriptive analytics.

In addition to these, it also greatly favors the optimization of certain activities, such as optimization of planning, product design, predictive maintenance, etc.

But more than important, the need for the use of advanced analytics is becoming fundamental. Within each industrial sector there are applications of it with a lot of projection. For example:

In the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industry for process optimization and predictive quality.
In the chemical industry for the identification of anomalies, maintenance and predictive quality and optimization of processes.
In the metallurgical industry for visualization, predictive maintenance and production control.
For the automotive industry, this analytic stands out in advanced planners and in process optimization.

What is advanced analytics in Industry 4.0?

Advanced analytics is one of the applications included in Industry 4.0 that has the most travel, use and impact in the short term.

This is mainly due to:

  • The possibility of having information throughout the value chain.
  • Increased storage capacities.
  • New ways to analyze and process data.

All this means that multiple utilities of advanced analytics continue to emerge, which generate relevant impacts on the processes of the industrial sector.

Its applications in industry can be classified into predictive, descriptive and prescriptive analytics.

In addition to these, it also greatly favors the optimization of certain activities, such as optimization of planning, product design, predictive maintenance, etc.

But more than important, the need for the use of advanced analytics is becoming fundamental. Within each industrial sector there are applications of it with a lot of projection. For example:

  • In the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industry for process optimization and predictive quality.
  • In the chemical industry for the identification of anomalies, maintenance and predictive quality and optimization of processes.
  • In the metallurgical industry for visualization, predictive maintenance and production control.
  • For the automotive industry, this analytic stands out in advanced planners and in process optimization.

Industrial maintenance in Industry 4.0

Industrial maintenance has undergone many technological transformations over the years. Especially considering that, in the beginning, it was only considered as those corrective tasks to solve existing faults.

Over time, preventive and predictive maintenance has gained weight due to its many benefits. The main one: anticipating failure by guaranteeing the continued efficiency of the assets.

There are different types of industrial maintenance (corrective, preventive, predictive, in use, zero hours and early). However, of all of them, the one that has the most relevance within Industry 4.0 is predictive.

The concepts of Industry 4.0, Big Data, IIoT and predictive maintenance are closely related.

This is because predictive maintenance relies on the monitoring of machinery in order to optimize maintenance tasks. And when it comes to data collection and analysis, we are in the best industrial age.

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Predictive maintenance in industry 4.0

The real challenge of the 4.0 revolution is discovering the ways to interconnect the processes that exist. For this, technology is used as a connector for machines, equipment, operations and people. And, thanks to 4.0 technologies, industrial maintenance is much easier when it comes to controlling and carrying out activities.

In industrial maintenance 4.0, thanks to the new connected technologies, machines are used to collect the status of the equipment, instead of resorting to specialized employees in that area. That is, it is as if the data were looking for people and not the other way around.

Predictive maintenance has found in its development within Industry 4.0 many benefits in equipment monitoring systems. Among them:

  • Self-diagnostic systems are becoming more appreciated and trusted.
  • Cloud Computing systems and, therefore, SaaS services, are better accepted and applied, as they are perfectly adapted to the needs of the industrial sector today.
  • There is a large body of data, but it is easier to turn it into information.
  • In fact, thanks to this data on the current or predicted state of the assets, the industry has a greater awareness about the possibility of optimizing the operations and the maintenance of the same.
  • Until relatively recently, a manufacturer’s sensor was only compatible with its own measurement, analysis, and recording system. Fortunately,
  • Industry 4.0 has brought with it the need to find compatibility between systems.

Benefits of predictive maintenance in Industry 4.0

The predictive maintenance of Industry 4.0 within the industrial sector brings numerous benefits:

  • Accompany the investment and increase the profitability of the equipment.
  • Overcome certain communication boundaries.
  • Increase the reliability of the equipment by precisely determining the risk of failure and its impact on the system. For this, Big Data and AI are great allies.
  • Get to clarify with great accuracy the useful life of the equipment.
  • It manages to boost organizations in the market.

The challenges of industry 4.0

Some of the challenges Industry 4.0 faces are:

  • The need for continuous development of software and analysis systems that do not cause computer failures.
  • Adapt the productive infrastructures to the requirements of the new industry. Fact that with companies like Cimelsa, experts in comprehensive installations, it is much easier.
  • The protection of data located in the cloud.
  • Know how to respond to current questions about natural resource management and energy saving.

Even so, Industry 4.0 has a great future and is going to produce important changes when it comes to activities in smart factories. Especially in aspects such as robot-assisted production, data analysis, quality control, and predictive maintenance of machines.

Each organization in the industrial sector must be aware of the technological needs and adaptations that it must apply. If they fail to understand the changes and opportunities that Industry 4.0 brings, they may see their market share reduced.

In addition, as has been seen, not betting on innovation in these technologies can cause your own maintenance department to lose strength and responsiveness.

Of course, betting on external companies to carry out installations or industrial maintenance, such as Cimelsa, is to have the security that the necessary tasks will be carried out with the most avant-garde technologies in the sector.

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Predictive maintenance in industrial plants

Due to the great scope of the production processes that are carried out in industrial plants, that all equipment and systems work perfectly is essential to avoid problems in their development and economic losses. Industrial maintenance, especially predictive maintenance, plays an essential role in this.

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Industrial maintenance and its benefits

Industrial maintenance involves planning and carrying out various tasks and processes in order to review, control, maintain and fine-tune all equipment and systems within a facility.

Therefore, in addition to ensuring proper operation, it also includes the necessary improvement or replacement work.

The benefits of industrial maintenance are substantial. With it, it is not only corroborated that the industry is running properly, but also allows:

  • Avoid irreparable problems by anticipating them.
  • Reduce corrective maintenance costs.
  • Prevent possible occupational hazards.
  • Have a documented follow-up of the maintenance tasks carried out.
  • Reduce losses or costs due to production stoppages.
  • Increase the useful life of the company’s assets.
  • Improve the quality of industry activity.

However, to take advantage of all the aforementioned advantages, the programming and implementation of the necessary techniques must be left in the hands of industrial maintenance professionals, with extensive knowledge of them.

A clear example of this is Cimelsa, an expert company in industrial installations and maintenance that uses the most avant-garde techniques in the sector.

Types of industrial maintenance

There is no single method, since there are several types of industrial maintenance that exist.

Corrective maintenance

El mantenimiento correctivo industrial comprende las tareas que se ejecutan como corrección después de haber detectado un problema ya existente en los equipos.

Preventive maintenance

This type of monitoring is carried out in order to prevent potential failures in the facilities and their components. This is to reduce any possible risk by being detected in time.

Predictive maintenance

Like preventive, predictive maintenance in industrial plants is carried out in anticipation of any possible failure. The difference is that the predictive maintenance techniques used in the industry are much more specialized and advanced than in preventive maintenance.

Zero hour industrial maintenance

Se trata de un tipo de actividad que se realiza cuando se detecta que la fiabilidad de un equipo ha disminuido tanto que es complicado hacer una previsión sobre su funcionamiento.

Este mantenimiento se encarga de dejar los equipos a “Cero Horas”, es decir, como si nunca hubiesen sido utilizados.

Early maintenance

Early maintenance in the industry is done before a new equipment purchase or start-up.

Its objective is to verify that the infrastructures are ready and meet all the requirements for the installation of these new assets.

Maintenance in use

This is the most basic industrial monitoring. They are elementary tasks that only require a little training: cleaning, data collection, visual inspections, lubrication, etc.

Now, despite the fact that all types of industrial maintenance are relevant, predictive maintenance is one of the most essential and beneficial within industrial plants.

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What is predictive maintenance in industrial plants?

Predictive maintenance in industrial plants is the set of maintenance tasks that are carried out in these facilities and that, through their work, relate a physical variable to the state of an industrial machine or its level of wear.

The predictive diagnosis of machinery in industrial plants began to be developed in the eighties of the last century.

This type of maintenance is mainly based on the measurement, follow-up and monitoring of the parameters and operating conditions of a facility or equipment.

To do this, first it is necessary to define and manage certain pre-alarm and action values with respect to the parameters that are considered to be measured and addressed.

Importance and advantages of industrial predictive maintenance

The most relevant information provided by this type of monitoring carried out on the equipment is the trend of the values. This is what will make it possible to calculate or predict when a team will fail, with a certain margin of error. Hence it is known as “predictive”.

In addition to this fact, predictive maintenance in industrial plants has other advantages that also determine its importance:

  • It gives the possibility of knowing possible failures that, at first glance, would not be detected. Given the amount of assets present in industries, predictive monitoring of them is essential.
  • Predictive maintenance techniques allow, in many cases, to be carried out without the need to stop the machinery. This reduces costs for interruptions in work activity.
  • Nor is a large disassembly usually necessary.
  • When something irregular is detected, the intervention is scheduled so that it can be tailored to production.
  • By anticipating failures and anticipating them ahead of time, the number of spare parts required is reduced. And, in addition, if you need them, it is not necessary to have a large stock always available, but rather it allows you to purchase it when you need it.
  • It improves the reliability, globally, of the industry in question.
  • Reduce the number of interventions in teams throughout the year. If a failure is predicted and prevented, corrective maintenance, for example, will not be necessary.
  • The follow-ups reduce accidents and increase safety.

Steps to perform predictive maintenance

To carry out any monitoring in the industry, it is necessary to prepare an industrial maintenance plan in advance. Within it and given that each plan will be adapted to the needs of the industrial plant to be treated, the types of industrial maintenance to be developed will be determined.

In the case of implementing predictive maintenance, there are usually four essential steps to follow.

1º Determine critical assets and prioritize them in maintenance

The first of the steps to perform predictive maintenance involves categorizing and identifying the assets that are most relevant according to some variables. For example, they are critical to operations or their repair would involve a high economic investment.

2º Study manuals and records of the equipment

Equipment manuals must always be available, as they contain essential information to study, as well as manufacturer’s recommendations to carry out maintenance.

The history of the revisions is also very useful to study the route of the machine and to know possible modes of failure of the same.

3º Select among the predictive maintenance techniques used in the industry the most appropriate

Depending on the equipment to be evaluated, the professionals will determine which technique is the most appropriate and the tools for it.

This process is usually straightforward on newer equipment, but less so on older machines. Professionals like Cimelsa will take care of the entire procedure, selecting the best way to integrate older models with new technologies.

4th CMMS Update

The CMMS is the management computer program that facilitates the maintenance of the equipment of an industrial facility. With it it is possible to have all the information organized and centralized, facilitating any industrial maintenance process.

Therefore, after carrying out the techniques required in industrial plants, the CMMS must be updated with the results.

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Predictive maintenance tools

Various tools are used to carry out correct predictive maintenance. These tools include the integration of data analysis algorithms and the integration of industrial data.

With these data, patterns can be detected in the information provided by the teams and evaluated with the analysis tools, to then investigate what the problems may be and determine any intervention to be carried out.

Among the most common predictive maintenance tools are:

  • IoT sensors.
  • Thermal imaging equipment.
  • Sensors for sound, ultrasound and vibration analysis.
  • Lubricant and oil analysis systems.
  • Programming tools.
  • Industrial monitoring and analysis tools.

Companies such as Cimelsa, with several decades of experience in the sector, have known how to adapt to the evolution of predictive maintenance techniques and tools, always using the best technologies for their monitoring and review tasks: thermographic cameras, sound level meters, combustion analyzers, anemometers, etc.

Predictive maintenance techniques used in the industry

Some of the main techniques used in industrial predictive maintenance are as follows.

Vibration analysis

It is often said that it is the “star technique”, since it is the most used to monitor and diagnose rotating equipment. It also makes it easier to implement the predictive maintenance plan.

This analysis can be performed through a vibration amplitude measurement or through a vibration spectrum analyzer.

Infrared thermography

This technique makes it possible to check temperatures without the need to come into physical contact with the object to be measured. Thermal or thermovision cameras are the predictive maintenance tools used for this.

Lubricant analysis

It makes it possible to establish whether there is a level of deterioration of the lubricant, the presence of wear particles or the entry of contaminants.

Oil analysis

With this technique, the viscosity of the oil is analyzed, but also the amount of water or the presence of other materials in order to evaluate gears, motors or turbines, among others.

Acoustic analysis

It is another of the predictive maintenance techniques used most frequently in the industry, especially for pipes, fans, condensers, gas or liquid lines or vacuum systems.

Studying sound waves can detect failures in the operation of equipment, determine their origin and monitor their status. To do this, it is necessary to locate differences in the frequencies of the usual sound that the devices can emit.

Borescopies

Borescopes are used to carry out inspections of gas or steam turbines, reciprocating gas engines and any other difficult-to-access equipment whose faults can be easily determined, but the part to be inspected is not easily accessible to the human eye.

Usually this is because a large disassembly is required or there is a difficulty of access.

Combustion gas analysis

With this predictive maintenance technique you can have a report on the behavior of heat generating equipment that expels gases to the outside.

In this way, it is possible to discover how much pollutant elements are in the fumes and to know if the norm is being breached in relation to the environment.

Other predictive maintenance techniques used in the industry

In addition to those mentioned, other predictive maintenance techniques used in the industry would be:

  • The analysis of alternative machines.
  • Partial discharges in electrical machines.
  • The analysis of induction electric motors
  • The supervisory parameters of large electrical machines.
  • Thickness control in static equipment.

The selection of one technique or another will depend on the equipment to be analyzed and the possible failure to be detected. To avoid mistakes, it is advisable to bet on an external company that is in charge of the entire process. And in that Cimelsa can help you.

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December 2021

Maintenance of sports facilities

There are many occasions when, when thinking about maintenance, it is only related to unforeseen events or breakdowns that must be solved immediately. However, a critical part of maintenance is preventing these failures or mishaps. In the specific case of the maintenance of sports facilities, doing it correctly will prolong the useful life of the facility, as well as its performance.

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What is the maintenance of sports facilities?

The maintenance of sports facilities consists of planning and executing a set of operations that guarantee the useful life of the elements that make up said sports construction: pavements, equipment, structures, etc.

Within the maintenance of sports centers, there are many aspects to consider. Among others:

  • Sports facilities: soccer fields, tennis courts, basketball courts, paddle tennis courts, swimming pool…
  • Flooring: natural and artificial grass, earthen, wooden, ceramic…
  • The common and general facilities: reception rooms, bathrooms, changing rooms…
  • Technical installations: sanitation, plumbing, air conditioning, ventilation, fire protection, thermal installations and renewable energies, electrical installations…

Due to the magnitude of the sports facilities and, especially, in regard to the more technical part, it is possible to speak of the need for industrial maintenance in them.

Industrial maintenance is aimed at the control and repair, if necessary, of the equipment and systems of industrial facilities in order to guarantee their optimal operation.

The appropriate thing to carry out all the elementary tasks for this is to hire the service of industrial maintenance companies such as Cimelsa, which also has several decades of experience in the sector.

Importance of sports hall maintenance

In addition to ensuring that all components of a sports facility function properly and extend its useful life (which will allow users to make use of it), maintenance of sports facilities enables:

  • Comply with current regulations.
  • Guarantee a continuous performance of machinery and rooms, avoiding their closure.
  • Furthermore, such closure could lead to economic losses. Maintenance paralyzes them.
  • Prevent irreparable damage from arising by preventing it.
  • Such prevention also makes it easier to reduce replacement costs.
  • Provide security to users.
  • Have a documented maintenance follow-up that will help in future reviews.

As can be deduced, the relevance of maintenance work is more than justified and, therefore, it is necessary to leave these tasks in the hands of professionals.

Before we mentioned the most important aspects to consider within the maintenance of sports centers. However, this becomes even more relevant due to the difficult times we are living in.

Due to the Covid, these centers have seen their activity seriously affected, even having to close for a long time.

To resume their operation, they have had to adapt to new health needs and, in this regard, the maintenance of sports facilities is essential.

For example, one of the services offered by Cimelsa is air conditioning.

Regardless of whether it is winter or summer, the installation of air conditioning elements as well as their maintenance contribute to improving the thermal and air quality inside the sports halls.

Nor should we forget the importance of proper ventilation in sports centers, which in addition to renewing the air, allows:

  • Avoid bad smells and condensation.
  • Deter the accumulation of disease-causing pathogens.
  • Prevent the concentration of toxic gases in case of leaks.

On the other hand, it is worth talking about the importance of a correct electrical installation, something in which Cimelsa’s work can also help in sports facilities.

Correct lighting in large areas ensures optimal safety levels, preventing accidents inside the facilities, as well as improving the performance of heating and air conditioning systems.

Therefore, the air conditioning, the production of Sanitary Hot Water and the electrical installation are some of the most complex parts within a sports facility and we must be aware of their importance.

The reason: an excellent sports management will be undermined if it is not accompanied by the appropriate thermal, air, ventilation or electrical conditions to carry out the activities of the center.

Due to this, the maintenance of sports facilities is something really essential and must be carried out by professionals.

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Types of sports facility maintenance

Among the types of maintenance that exist, regarding the maintenance of sports halls or sports halls, three main ones can be highlighted.

Preventive maintenance

This is routine maintenance performed at set time intervals or by a defined number of operating units, without prior investigation of the condition.

Today it is the most relevant maintenance used in any activity due to its considerable benefits:

  • Reduces failures and downtime.
  • It allows planning in advance all the tasks to be carried out based on the durability of the facilities to be maintained.
  • It allows you to better manage tasks and optimize workers’ time.
  • It represents an economic saving by avoiding substitutions or repairs.
  • Increases the life of equipment and, consequently, of facilities.

Predictive maintenance

This type of maintenance of sports facilities or any other type of facility is based on information and knowledge about the state of said facilities.

In this way, a prediction is made on the approximate duration of the components of each equipment and installation to find possible defects in their primary stages.

In order to implement this maintenance system and make it work properly, it is necessary to:

  • Know the different types of failures that can occur, as well as their consequences in systems and facilities.
  • Take into account the advantages and limitations of the techniques used in predictive maintenance to choose the most appropriate in each case.
  • Have the work of a highly qualified team of technicians in this type of technique.

Therefore, again, it should be noted that it is advisable to opt for professionals specialized in maintenance who can guarantee a service of the highest quality.

Corrective maintenance

This maintenance is simply based on the correction of errors or failures discovered in the equipment and / or facilities.

It is the most basic maintenance, since it consists of locating the fault and going on to repair it without further ado, so it does not require planning.

It is true that with this maintenance there are no stoppages for preventive maintenance, but the repairs are much more expensive and prolonged in time. This is because failures cannot be planned.

For this type of maintenance it is required:

  • A well-dimensioned maintenance department, with the necessary operators available to carry out the repair in the shortest possible time.
  • A high spare parts inventory to keep the necessary spare parts on hand and not cause long stops waiting for new parts.
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Who performs the maintenance of sports facilities?

To carry out the maintenance of sports facilities, it is necessary to have the services of a professional maintenance team.

The main job of this team is to follow the maintenance plan in sports facilities to carry out the scheduled tasks at the specified time.

In addition, professionals are also in charge of the daily tasks necessary and entrusted within said plan, such as:

  • The order.
  • Cleaning.
  • Control of air and water quality.

Maintenance personnel must have the necessary knowledge to carry out assigned activities, from the simplest to the most complex.

In many cases and for multiple activities, facility personnel are trained to carry out some of them.

In others, it is opted for the hiring of external companies, such as Cimelsa, both to carry out the maintenance plan in sports facilities, as well as to execute it.

The maintenance plan in sports facilities

Just as for an industrial facility it is necessary to draw up an industrial maintenance plan that allows all tasks to be planned, a maintenance plan for sports centers is also essential.

The sports hall maintenance plan is the document that collects, after having carried out a professional study, the maintenance programs that must be carried out on the assets and facilities. The aim is to improve its effectiveness and performance.

The plan defines the frequencies with which the tasks will be carried out, the variables to be controlled, the procedures that will be used for this purpose and the budget allocated to it.

Within the maintenance plan in sports facilities, all types of necessary maintenance (predictive, preventive and corrective) will be collected.

As a maxim, there is talk of a “golden rule” that the industrial maintenance plan or any activity must comply with. This says that the activities planned and carried out according to it are only justified if:

  • Teams improve in their performance.
  • Errors are reduced.
  • Operating costs are optimized.
  • They decrease the risks.

Environmental performance is improved.

Prepare a maintenance plan for sports facilities

In a very general way, it can be said that there are three basic ways to develop an industrial maintenance plan or, in the case that specifically concerns us, a sports facility maintenance plan:

  1. Prepare the plan based on the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.
  2. Use maintenance protocols according to the type of equipment to be maintained.
  3. Create the maintenance plan based on the analysis of possible potential failures that equipment and facilities may suffer.

The most essential steps to follow to prepare the maintenance plan for sports facilities are as follows:

1º A list of the facilities that make up the sports complex must be drawn up: courts, fields, tracks, swimming pools, halls, changing rooms, etc.

2º Identify all the teams that are in each enclosure.

3rd Organization and study of the maintenance manuals for said equipment.

4th Subsequently, the maintenance tasks must be extracted from said analysis, specifying the type and their frequency.

5th Analysis of current regulations on maintenance in sports facilities or technical maintenance.

6th After said examination, these regulated tasks must also be included.

7º Finally, a compilation and confirmation of the plan obtained is made.

Sports facilities require continuous, careful and rigorous maintenance. That is the only way to solve detected damages in time: poor lights, water leaks, faults in the air conditioning and / or heating, etc.

Although it is difficult to see at first, economically, it is much worse, in the medium and long term, to wait for the only solution to be replacement. Therefore, resorting to multidisciplinary companies such as Cimelsa for maintenance management in sports facilities is key to saving time and money.

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What is a maintenance audit for?

Knowing as accurately as possible the status of our equipment will lead us to obtain better performance. However, sometimes companies have doubts as to whether the management that is carried out on their industrial maintenance is adequate. To find the answer to this and possible solutions in case it is not entirely positive, there is what is known as a maintenance audit.

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The importance of quality industrial maintenance

Too many facilities do not take into account the importance of proper industrial maintenance. This is usually associated with the fact that the investment applied in maintenance procedures does not offer short-term returns.

When speaking of a correct industrial maintenance we refer to the quality or excellence in it. That is, to obtain the maximum availability of equipment and systems at the minimum cost.

By removing this, you get the benefits of quality industrial maintenance. Between them:

  • Have a sufficient amount of workforce, qualified, organized and at maximum performance.
  • Possess the appropriate tools and supplies for the equipment to be maintained.
  • Have correct working methods to carry out industrial maintenance tasks.
  • Lower economic investment in spare parts and materials.
  • Avoid or reduce production stoppages due to breakdowns.
  • Have reliable and useful information on the evolution of maintenance to be able to make decisions about it.
  • Reliable repairs.

Fortunately, there are companies specialized in industrial maintenance, such as Cimelsa, which provide facilities with a correct performance of the revision and correction tasks of industrial equipment. In other words, quality industrial maintenance.

However, there are other businesses that have an internal maintenance department and that do not have the certainty that they are carrying out the best maintenance management. To verify this, they can request a maintenance audit.

What is a maintenance audit?

A maintenance audit, equipment maintenance audit or industrial maintenance audit is an analysis of the maintenance practices carried out in a company.

The evaluations are usually conducted by external companies specialized in industrial maintenance tasks. In addition, the maintenance audit plans will be adapted to each business and to the particular moment that it is going through.

When a maintenance audit is well carried out, it will yield very significant data that will be used to review the effectiveness of the maintenance management system of any business.

Mainly, it should be noted that the audit is not intended to judge the work of the person responsible for maintaining an installation. The purpose is to know what situation a maintenance department is in, as well as the tasks that are carried out in it to identify possible points for improvement and the actions to be implemented.

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What is a maintenance audit for?

The main objective of the industrial maintenance audit is to make a comparison between the current situation of an industry and the ideal scenario to be achieved in terms of equipment performance and productivity.

To that end, you can determine which things can be kept as is, which must be improved, and which must be eliminated.

In addition to this, the industrial maintenance audit serves to:

  • Improve KPIs or key maintenance indicators.
  • Reduce costs for corrective maintenance, by prioritizing preventive and predictive maintenance.
  • It seeks to provide reliability and reliability in industries.
  • Increase business productivity thanks to the proper functioning of your teams.
  • Establish the corresponding practices for the needs and objectives of each of the companies to which the maintenance audit is carried out.

How long does an industrial maintenance audit take?

The time spent on the tasks required to carry out a maintenance audit will depend on the size and scope of each industry. However, on average it usually takes a week for a medium complexity installation.

At this time, the post-analysis actions should be added.

As mentioned, the results presented will make it possible to identify the areas of potential change for optimization. Some changes of an organizational and management nature may also be clarified.

The auditing company will present a final report exposing the current situation of processes, equipment and personnel, placing special emphasis on the points where failures and poor performance have been detected.

To conclude, the maintenance audit professionals will propose the necessary changes to reach the goals, with the deadlines to meet and those responsible for carrying out the tasks to achieve all of this.

What types of maintenance audits are there?

Three types of maintenance audit can be distinguished:

  • Quantitative maintenance audits.
  • Maintenance management audit.
  • Technical maintenance audit.

Quantitative maintenance audit

These are indicator audits, therefore, there is no room for subjective interpretations. It is limited to collect the indicators (KPIs) that the industrial facility itself offers, being a very exact audit.

Maintenance indicators are relatable data that provide a very deep understanding of what is going on within an industrial company, what has happened, and possibly what may happen.

This type of audit can help define which are the key indicators to monitor in order to achieve favorable management.

Today, industries can use CMMS or maintenance software to obtain accurate data, as these programs have integrated KPIs monitoring.

Technical maintenance audit

This is an audit in which the analyzes carried out specify the technical state of the assets of the industrial facility.

Therefore, it is said that it makes an X-ray of each team, both individually and their operation as a whole.

Those in charge of conducting the audit, make a visit to the plant and execute a series of tasks. Between them:

  • They study the documentation and data obtained in the control room.
  • They perform sensory inspections.
  • They interview the technicians.
  • They use professional tools for field testing.

With the data collected, the auditor makes a report on the technical status of the company and sets out the points for improvement.

The technical maintenance audit is a photograph of the state of the assets, so it does not delve much further into managerial work or the philosophy that applies to maintenance tasks.

For this reason, if you want to carry out a complete industrial maintenance audit, it must continue with a management audit. Only in this way will it be possible to know if the problems in the equipment come from deficiencies in the design or the incorrect handling of maintenance.

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Maintenance management audit

A maintenance management audit delves into the reasons that have caused a certain technical situation to occur.

As much as a technical audit establishes the details to be repaired, if the quality of maintenance management in an installation is not analyzed in depth, over time there will be failures again.

Some of the tasks that will be audited in the maintenance management analysis are:

  • The maintenance plan. It is the document where the set of tasks to be carried out to carry out a correct industrial maintenance is reflected. During this audit, we study how it has been designed, developed and how it has been implemented, talking with those responsible and establishing long-term forecasts.
  • Tools used. Industrial maintenance technology is very broad and its use will depend on the type of maintenance task to be performed. In this audit, its quality, state and technique must be evaluated. This, in the hands of professional companies such as Cimelsa, is a guarantee of efficiency, since the technology it uses is always at the forefront of new creations.
  • Performance of maintenance personnel. The performance of their practices will be evaluated to fulfill the assigned tasks.
  • Inventory management. Parts should be qualified and readily available in case they are needed for industrial maintenance or repairs
  • Hygiene and safety levels. This point is so important that, sometimes, a special audit is required, since there are standards depending on the industrial sector to which the audit is made.
  • Corrective maintenance management. It should never occupy the largest percentage of the tasks in a maintenance plan.
    Implementation of maintenance software. Indispensable so that the entire industrial maintenance system is well organized.
  • Criticality analysis. It will serve to organize hierarchically the most important machines in the process.
  • Report generation. These must be periodic and communicable to all critical areas related to the revised equipment.
  • Control of work orders and preventive and predictive industrial maintenance technology.
  • Compliance with environmental regulations and energy efficiency. This is especially critical for audits.
  • Level of structure, organization and professionalism of the maintenance team. Many companies have workers within them to carry out industrial maintenance tasks. Others, on the other hand, must have the professional services of external companies.

Problems that are usually found after a management maintenance audit

Among the failures that are most often repeated in this type of audits are:

  • Lack of trained personnel.
  • Inadequate staff structure (lack or excess, poor structure).
  • Failures in the spare parts warehouse (disorder, lack of inventory …).
  • Failures in the maintenance plan and in the maintenance itself (they are not well designed, the proper tasks are not implemented, etc.).
  • Key tools are missing.
  • Security problems (equipment unloading failures, work permits, little use of personal protective equipment, etc.).

Which companies should carry out maintenance audits?

The intensive use of the assets of a company, makes any of them who want to know if the plan, management and maintenance of their facilities is really correct, should carry out an industrial maintenance audit.

Even so, to be more specific, it can be said that the most interested businesses are:

  • Those companies that have long-range maintenance contracts with outsourced services.
  • Companies whose activity reports a high degree of potential danger within their facilities.
  • Degraded industrial plants that need to know if their problems come from poor management of production or maintenance, or from design deficiencies.

Performing a maintenance audit on a regular basis will help your business adjust the processes to the recommended levels, thanks to the fact that, in it, the evaluation will be carried out according to the needs of your company and the current state of its equipment.

Of course, having left the maintenance of your installation in the hands of professional services such as those offered by Cimelsa, very optimal audit results are expected.

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What is an industrial maintenance plan

Industrial maintenance is essential for companies to function efficiently, since with it the necessary tasks are carried out so that their equipment and production systems operate perfectly.

However, prior to carrying out this maintenance, the appropriate industrial maintenance plan must be established that determines what tasks to carry out, when and how.

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What is industrial maintenance and what are its advantages?

Industrial maintenance is the set of tasks and techniques carried out in industrial facilities in order to prevent or reduce equipment and machinery failures, anticipate them and monitor their operation.

All this allows, among other advantages:

  • Extend the useful life of the company’s assets.
  • Avoid workplace accidents.
  • Reduce productivity stoppages due to inoperative machinery.
  • Reduce costs.

To carry out the activities, specialized companies such as Cimelsa, use industrial maintenance technologies, such as, among others:

  • Combustion analyzers.
  • Sound level meter.
  • Electrical network analyzer.
  • Non-invasive fluid flow meter.
  • Anemometer.
  • Thermographic camera.

In order to carry out the necessary actions for maintenance in industries, it is essential to have an industrial maintenance plan.

What is industrial maintenance and what are its advantages?

An industrial maintenance plan is that set of tasks that must be performed on equipment or systems and that are scheduled over time to reduce risks of damage or loss.

This plan reflects the management model of each company and it determines the resources to be invested in maintenance.

It is, therefore, a planning by means of a calendar with the ownership of the company, on the related actions. Therefore, for custom planning and maintenance, companies should have professional services such as Cimelsa, experts in industrial facilities and maintenance.

The importance of a correct industrial maintenance plan is such that its preparation is a basic task if you want to improve efficiency in the industry.

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Importance of the industrial maintenance plan

There are many objectives that the industrial maintenance plan intends to fulfill and from which the relevance of its elaboration derives.

Conocer mejor los puntos fuertes y débiles de la instalación

A correct maintenance plan allows obtaining data to determine the cause of repetitive failures, the definition of weak points in the facilities and the mean time of safe operation of an asset (MTBF, or what is the same, Mean Time Between Failutes, which is the average time that a device works well between two failures).

Increase overall OEE efficiency

OEE stands for Overall Equiment Effectiveness, that is, the overall effectiveness of the equipment.

Greater efficiency makes it possible to make more realistic forecasts about the operation of a company, its productive capacity and its income.

Reduce downtime

Improving the availability of the equipment is one of the most important goals of the implementation of the industrial maintenance plan and its execution.

With the appropriate tasks, it will be possible to avoid or minimize their breakdowns and their consequences, such as unexpected stops in production and their derived effects.

Improve stock and human resource planning

By correctly planning the work to be done, there is a decrease in human resources costs by correctly distributing the tasks.

In addition, maintenance allows you to reduce inventory in the warehouse by adjusting the availability of stock.

Cost reduction due to corrective maintenance

A good industrial maintenance plan and its implementation make it possible to reduce maintenance costs in the long run.

This is so since during the revision tasks, possible failures can be detected in time, thus avoiding or reducing costs due to urgent contingencies of corrective maintenance.

Increase the useful life of equipment

With the correct maintenance of the equipment, they can extend their useful life with optimal levels of operability and efficiency.

How to make an industrial maintenance plan

When creating an industrial maintenance plan, it must be carried out based on the requirements of each company and the industrial maintenance regulations.

Taking these factors into account, the industrial maintenance plan will include different types of maintenance, such as preventive, corrective and predictive.

For its correct preparation, several steps must be followed.

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1. Determination of objectives

It is impossible for the industrial maintenance plan to work if you have not established what you want to achieve with it.

The company must determine the objectives that it wants to cover and guide how they will be controlled in the future, because only in this way can the effectiveness of the plan be measured.

Some of the most common goals that are usually set are:

  • Avoid legal sanctions.
  • Increase the operating time of the machinery.
  • Reduce unused stock.
  • Avoid workplace accidents.
  • Optimize available human resources.

2. Set the budget

It is important to take into account what is the available budget to be able to carry out all the actions.

3. Take an inventory of assets

Within the industrial maintenance plan, this is one of the most relevant phases.

An inventory of the equipment susceptible to maintenance must be carried out, with its corresponding guarantee periods and detailed instructions on its maintenance in accordance with legal regulations.

An ideal way to classify equipment is based on its function and whether or not it is replaceable, with a simple identification system based on numerical coding.

In addition, each team will be associated with the spare parts and consumables that are used regularly in its operation.

In this phase, all the relevant information and documents of the machinery will be available, such as:

  • Production model.
  • Maintenance manual.
  • Maintenance recommendations given by the manufacturer.
  • Technical data.
  • Drawings and exploded view of the equipment provided by the manufacturer.
  • Failure and repair characteristics.
  • Legislative and safety factors.
  • Economic factors (cost of equipment material or monitoring cost, for example).
  • Maintenance history. This is especially relevant, especially taking into account what was the last maintenance date, since it will be the starting point to define the next one.

4. Study of manuals and regulations

Once all the documentation and information is available, it is necessary to analyze in depth the specifications and recommendations made by the manufacturers and the warranty periods for the equipment.

Normally, these documents contain all the guidelines to be followed on preventive and corrective maintenance, which allows defining the frequency of operations in the industrial maintenance plan. Among the information provided by these manuals is:

  • The approximate time of useful life of each equipment.
  • The preventive maintenance operations to be carried out.
  • Deadlines for reviews.
  • Frequency or interval of operations.
  • Recommendations on the products to use for maintenance.
  • Security measures.

In the same way, all the operations that are obliged by the industrial maintenance regulation must be compiled.

5. Assign those responsible

Which operators are available in the company and their specialties will be considered. To do this, you can make an inventory of personnel and their costs per hour.

However, it is important to assume that not all companies have, within their staff, trained professionals to carry out the industrial maintenance plan and its execution.

In these cases, they must turn to external companies that provide these services, such as Cimelsa, which has more than four decades of experience in the sector.

It is also important that, after the assignment of managers, business activities are coordinated with maintenance activities.

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6. Planificación de las acciones a realizar

Now, with all the information available and studied, the interventions to be carried out in the maintenance plan will be defined. This can be done for fixed periods of time or based on other metrics.

The set of operations that will have to be carried out at established periods will be established and that will be executed when the scheduled time arrives. These operations are known as routine maintenance.

These routines will include those recommended by the manufacturer and the legal ones.

When the frequency of operations is carried out based on time periods, the adjustment will be made taking into account the expiration dates, so they may be monthly, semi-annual, annually, etc.

If the frequency is established based on other variables, the frequency of the interventions is programmed in relation to the value of these metrics.

In addition to the aforementioned, when it comes to planning preventive industrial maintenance, it will be necessary to consider if the work will be carried out with a stopped machine, analyze the necessary resources and the duration of the tasks, and if the necessary spare parts and machinery are available to carry carry out operations on the established date.

7. Document the industrial maintenance plan

It is essential that the entire maintenance plan is documented under the established schedule for interventions on each asset.

For this, it is advisable to have CMMS, which are the software that allows you to have this documentation digitized, help automate maintenance processes and allow these tasks to be performed more efficiently.

From here, the prepared plan will begin to be executed.

  • Carrying out the tasks of the plan: the tasks will be carried out on time, for which there must be alerts that warn in advance of the due dates.
  • Documentation of the work carried out: all interventions, preventive, corrective or predictive, must be documented. For this, each operator must complete the work orders.
  • Analysis and exploitation of information: certain parts of the maintenance plans are living documents that must be corrected and adjusted as they are revised. For this, it is very important to take into account the control of maintenance indicators or KPIs, in order to draw conclusions on points for improvement and go ahead in future reviews.

Periodicity of the industrial maintenance plan

The industrial maintenance plan proposes and decides how often the industrial facilities and their equipment must be reviewed and checked.

As mentioned above, said frequency can be established based on a fixed periodicity or otherwise, such as hours of operation.

Maintenance tasks with a fixed periodicity can involve maintenance on equipment that has not worked and, therefore, has not worn out in a certain period.

For example, in hotels, maintenance checks are made at least one month before opening. In this way, we can anticipate the entry of customers and make repairs if necessary.

In this case, two in-depth reviews are carried out, the one at the beginning of the season and the one at the end, so that the following year it is foreseen (in a report) what tasks will have to be done.

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Monitoring and control of industrial emissions

It is undeniable that our society is increasingly aware of the protection of the environment. Something normal, due to the growing concern for the quality of the environmental conditions in which we live. Therefore, it is essential that industries also commit to achieve energy efficiency and proper control of industrial emissions.

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Industrial emissions are the discharges into the atmosphere of substances or forms of energy that come, directly or indirectly, from any source capable of producing atmospheric pollution. Said discharge can occur continuously or discontinuously.

Annex I of Law 34/2007, of November 15, on air quality and protection of the atmosphere, contains a list of substances that are considered atmospheric pollutants.

In general, it can be said that it includes:

  • Those pollutants that diffuse directly into the atmosphere. They would be the primary pollutants, such as nitrogen oxide, CO, sulfur dioxide, etc.
  • Secondary pollutants. They are those that occur as a result of certain chemical reactions of primary pollutants when they come into contact with the air in the atmosphere. The formation of ozone is the most important.

Types of industrial emissions

The types of emissions that can be found in industrial work centers are two:

1. Localized emissions

They are those that come out into the atmosphere in a localized way, that is, through a specific point. They go from the industry to the atmosphere. Examples of fixed lights would be a smoke tower or a chimney.

These downloads can be discontinuous, continuous or punctual, originating from a single computer or from several (computers, processes, activities).

2. Diffuse emissions

On the opposite side would be the diffuse emissions. These are not localized, that is, they do not come out through a fixed point such as a chimney. For that reason, they are much more difficult to control.

In this case, also the particles or gases could be expelled continuously or discontinuously.

It would be, for example, spills, gas emanations caused by leaks, etc. In addition to not being localized, they present another problem: normally before they are released into the atmosphere, they spread through the interior of the industrial facility.

Whatever the type of emission, proper industrial maintenance by experts like Cimelsa could help prevent or reduce them as much as possible.

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What is the control of atmospheric emissions

The aforementioned emissions have a very negative impact on population centers, which is why it is so important to control industrial emissions. In addition, this impact should be added to the pollution already existing from other sources of emission, such as traffic.

Among the effects of these emissions are the following.

  • Acid rain: it is usually caused by pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and hydrochloric acid. It causes serious damage to rivers, soils and vegetation.
  • Damage to people’s health: pollution aggravates and increases the cases of certain diseases (some types of cancer, allergies or respiratory diseases, among others). In addition, it causes thousands of deaths a year around the world.
  • Formation of tropospheric ozone: its consequences include sunburn and respiratory problems, such as bronchitis and asthma.

Who should perform industrial emissions control?

As of January 2016 and after a change in the specific regulations, it was established that the control of industrial emissions must be carried out by a testing laboratory in the environmental sector, according to UNE-EN ISO / IEC 17025.

Types of industrial emission control

Among the most common controls carried out against industrial emissions are:

  • Take samples of heavy metals.
  • Analyze combustion gases (CO, CO2, NO, NO2, SO2, O2) and opacity.
  • Analyze chemical compounds in emission (HF, HCI, CI2, H2S, NH3, etc.).
  • Isokinetic sample of particles.
  • Determine concentration of dioxins and furans.
  • Determine the concentration of Total Organic Carbon (TOC).
  • Sampling of individualized VOCs.
  • URV sampling.
  • Compound control: PCB’s, PAH’s, etc.
  • Determine combustion indicators.

Even so, in order to comply with regulations on energy efficiency and on the control of environmental emissions, each industry must consult the various existing laws to which it must comply.

Among them, one of the most important is the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED).

However, it is not only important to control industrial emissions established under these regulations.

In industry, the actions carried out to prevent damage to the environment must also be directed at people, equipment and maintenance processes.

For this reason, it must be borne in mind that emission control must begin by implementing correct industrial maintenance and that this is carried out in accordance with environmental protection.

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Importance of industrial maintenance in the control of industrial emissions

Maintenance, as an activity from an environmental point of view, is a means to prevent negative impacts. This is so because it ensures the reliability of the equipment and reduces the risk of a catastrophic accident (fires, explosions, emissions of toxic substances, etc.).

The factors that can cause a greater environmental impact in relation to maintenance are:

  • Human errors, mainly due to violations of established procedures.
  • The lack of maintenance, due to the false belief of some industries about the unnecessaryness of these activities.
  • Apply incorrect maintenance policies.
  • Carry out uncontrolled maintenance processes.

In order to avoid all this, it is essential to have professions in industrial facilities and maintenance such as Cimelsa. They will carry out all the unavoidable processes with the quality and regularity that is required.

In this way, they will not only ensure the reliability of the equipment and other systems in terms of their work performance for industrial facilities. They will also prevent these from causing damage to the environment.

With regard to industrial emissions, during industrial maintenance activities it will be possible, among other issues:

  • Determine what equipment and processes can be critical to the environment.
  • Identify, record and evaluate potential risks.
  • Establish proactive actions through procedures that are documented. These will ensure that those possible causes of impacts are under control.
  • Execute these actions through industrial maintenance. These actions could be the key to identifying faults, such as leaks, that could harm not only industrial activity, but also people and the atmosphere.
  • Monitor and evaluate the results.
  • Determine continuous improvement processes in maintenance management.

However, it must be taken into account that during the maintenance itself, what is known as a critical maintenance process can take place.

This implies the practice of maintenance actions that are necessary to maintain or repair equipment, but in which substances or products are used, and / or waste is formed that can damage the environment.

Because of this, industrial maintenance must also be well planned and studied. It will be necessary to identify everything that could be harmful.

Throughout the process, control and measurement points must be located and established in order to evaluate environmental performance before, during and after the maintenance tasks are carried out.

Thus, the importance of the entire process being carried out by professionals who know the regulations and control these activities is emphasized.

What is industrial emissions monitoring

In addition to control and maintenance, monitoring is another key factor against emissions.

In fact, the control and monitoring of industrial emissions go hand in hand, because while control is supervision, monitoring is analyzing the data obtained in the control to act accordingly.

Why do you have to monitor emissions in industry?

The control and monitoring of emissions represent the essential elements to prevent and reduce pollution caused by industrial companies and ensure a high level of environmental protection as a whole.

For this reason, the EU Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75 (IED) provides for the monitoring of emissions in several cases.

The collection and analysis will provide accurate and representative emission data, so these tasks must be performed with specific and validated methods.

The fumes, gases, vapors and / or particles that are expelled into the atmosphere, as well as their quantities, must be quantified for various purposes:

  • Test the real efficiency of the control equipment installed in the factory.
  • Check for compliance with existing or proposed emission regulations.
  • Calibrate continuous monitoring.
  • Quantify the economic losses related to product losses.
  • Collect important emissions data for modeling purposes.
  • Obtain engineering data in order to specify the design of the equipment for the control of emissions.
  • Guarantee correct energy efficiency in the industry.

To carry out the monitoring tasks and meet the stated objectives, different industrial emission monitoring systems are used.

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Continuous emission monitoring systems

A continuous monitoring system of emissions allows the measurement of the same in real time to keep controlled the pollutants that originate in the generating units.

The data provided by these built-in performance analysis systems is very accurate. In addition, they have automated validation capabilities with which they prepare reports.

These help plant operators to minimize the risk of a production stoppage or possible penalties for non-compliance with current regulations on industrial emissions.

It is, therefore, a required compliance activity within industrial maintenance processes.

Other techniques and systems for monitoring industrial emissions

Among the methods used to control and monitor emissions produced in industry, there are also the following techniques:

  • Gas chromatography (GC), using a flame ionization detector (FID) or a photoionization detector (PID).
  • Spectroscopic and chemical systems, including inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).

Any type of task related to the control of industrial emissions must be carried out by companies and workers who are legally trained to do so.

It is very important to note that many industrial businesses cannot, on their own, ensure adequate maintenance services. These businesses must resort to hiring specialized companies, such as Cimelsa, which has been offering these services for several decades.

Only in this way can an efficient, respectful and safe industrial activity be achieved.

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November 2021

Energy saving systems in the industrial sector

The cost of energy consumption for an industrial company can be a major determining factor in its development, to the point of representing a risk for the continuity of its activity. In addition to this, we must bear in mind the environmental consequences and the scarcity of existing resources. This is why it is essential that these companies take into account the implementation of energy saving systems in the industrial sector.

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Energy saving in the industrial sector: why is it necessary?

The cost of energy consumption for an industrial company can be a major determining factor in its development, to the point of representing a risk for the continuity of its activity. In addition to this, we must bear in mind the environmental consequences and the scarcity of existing resources. This is why it is essential that these companies take into account the implementation of energy saving systems in the industrial sector.

Energy efficiency in industry

Energy efficiency in industry is understood as minimizing the energy consumption necessary to satisfy the specific needs of the industrial sector. Among others, these needs may be:

  • Lighting needs.
  • Machinery operation.
  • Produce driving force.
  • Generate heat or cold with air conditioning systems.

For a long time, energy efficiency has only been taken into account from an economic and technical factor. Now, this concept is included within other observations, such as:

  • The environmental impact.
  • The business image in the face of society.
  • An improvement in the security of supplies.

Fortunately, today it is much easier for the industrial sector to use all existing facilities and technologies to achieve a reduction in consumption, and for this to be much more effective than with existing technologies a few decades ago.

Energy saving systems in the industrial sector

When using energy saving systems in industry, each company will need a customized plan to achieve maximum energy savings and efficiency.

This plan will identify those key points where action is required. To do this, you must have the advice and services of professional companies in industrial facilities.

Among the most used energy saving methods and systems in the industry, are those that we expose below.

Lighting modifications

LED lighting has in many cases been a revolution in terms of energy saving. The change from traditional high consumption bulbs to LED lighting can represent a 90% reduction in consumption.

Also, the lifespan of LED sources is significantly longer than other lightings. This causes less frequent change intervals, reducing replacement and maintenance costs.

It is also a reliable and robust type of bulb, which does not have glass filaments and uses modern semiconductor technology, which makes it more resistant.

It should also be noted that this type of lighting is much more respectful of the environment. Its use entails a strong reduction of CO2, it does not have mercury and it does not emit UV or infrared radiation.

Not surprisingly, it is essential that lighting in industry is adapted to its use according to area. For example, in passageways it will not be necessary as much light output as in work rooms.

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Using sensors and timers

Another of the energy saving systems in the industrial sector is the use of sensors and timers.

Timers are a basic tool used in automation processes in many industries. This element is designed to time events in industrial automation systems, by closing or opening contacts before, during or after the period of time that has been set.

This represents a great energy saving, since energy is only consumed during that established period of time.

Timers are classified, according to delay, into on or off timers. In addition, there are several types of them: thermal, pneumatic, electronic or synchronous motor.

Contracted power adjustment

One of the saving methods in the economic and energy field for the industry is to carry out, as far as possible, an adjustment of the contracted energy power.

The contracted power is the sum of kilowatts that the company has agreed with the distributor for its use. This implies a fixed cost, which will be higher than it could be if the power required is really less.

Thermal isolation

Thermal insulation is another of the main energy saving systems in the industrial sector to take into account.

This insulation works as a barrier that allows to reduce up to 95%, on average, the losses or gains of heat in the production processes.

When done correctly, heat dissipation is more difficult, which helps to maintain the right temperature during activities.

In addition, it also serves as protection against high temperatures and their consequences on equipment, environment and personnel. For example, when it comes to workers, thermal insulation allows machinery not to be exposed to an extreme temperature that can cause burns when contacted.

Thermal isolation

Thermal insulation is another of the main energy saving systems in the industrial sector to take into account.

This insulation works as a barrier that allows to reduce up to 95%, on average, the losses or gains of heat in the production processes.

When done correctly, heat dissipation is more difficult, which helps to maintain the right temperature during activities.

In addition, it also serves as protection against high temperatures and their consequences on equipment, environment and personnel. For example, when it comes to workers, thermal insulation allows machinery not to be exposed to an extreme temperature that can cause burns when contacted.

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Air conditioning

Air conditioning involves providing, in a closed indoor space, the appropriate temperature, humidity and air quality conditions.

Correct industrial air conditioning is essential, especially in delicate production processes. However, this is not only important as far as activity is concerned, but it must be taken care of in front of employees, machinery, materials and customers.

Of course, betting on the appropriate air conditioning equipment is opting for low-consumption equipment and / or replacing the old ones with more efficient ones.

Efficient machinery

And speaking of using more efficient equipment, not only do you have to look for or replace them in the air conditioning elements, but the machinery itself used for the production processes should be the most efficient if you want to achieve true energy savings in the industrial sector.

Because the quest for energy efficiency has not really become a concern until relatively recently, older machines were not designed for it.

In addition, even if they are, very outdated machinery usually leads to much lower performance. This will imply a greater energy need to complete its work.

All this, additionally, entails more frequent industrial maintenance, since this type of equipment is more exposed to failure.

For all these reasons, although the cost of the change may be somewhat high initially, in the long run the benefit is undoubted in all aspects.

Efficient electric motors

Among the equipment, it is worth highlighting the importance of the use of efficient electric motors. Electric motors are the main source of industrial energy consumption, since their driving force is used to drive multiple machines and processes.

Therefore, the use of efficient electric motors presents lower electrical losses and more reliability. However, in order to be really beneficial, it is advisable to install variable speed drives if these motors are part of variable speed drives.

This would allow adjusting the speed of the motor itself to its needs, reducing energy consumption.

Process monitoring

One cannot speak of savings systems in the industrial sector without mentioning renewable energies, since their use has social, business and environmental benefits.

Among the types of renewable energies most used in the industry, we find:

  • Those of electricity generation: solar photovoltaic, hydroelectric, mini-hydroelectric, wind.
  • Those of thermal use: biomass, biogas, solar thermal, biofuels, geothermal.

As mentioned, the advantages of using this type of energy are multiple:

  • They are inexhaustible sources of energy.
  • They are free.
  • Environmentally sustainable (for example, a single 2m² thermal collector can prevent a ton of greenhouse gases, especially sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and polluting particles, from being emitted in one year).
  • They reduce operating costs compared to the use of fossil fuels.
  • Initial investments are high, but also easily amortized.
  • There are plans and incentives from the Administration for the implementation of renewable energies in the industrial sector.
  • The technologies used have a very long useful life.
  • The systems used for the management of this type of energy usually have a simple maintenance.
  • Energy dependence is reduced.
  • They are healthy energies.
  • They make industries more competitive by having less dependency and reducing energy consumption costs.
  • The image of the company will be favored.
  • The regulations regarding actions harmful to the environment and health will be complied with.
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Process monitoring

Any activity carried out in the industrial sector must be controlled and monitored to obtain specific data on use and consumption.

As far as energy consumption is concerned, it is necessary to use a still photo to know how the energy consumption of an installation is distributed.

Another important point will be the monitoring of industrial emissions, not only because of their serious environmental impact, but also because it is the way to detect leakage points that are also causing high, unnecessary and avoidable energy consumption.

Using outsourced energy audits is also a positive means of energy management in industry.

Industrial maintenance

Within the energy saving systems in the industrial sector, the maintenance itself cannot be lacking.

Thanks to the implementation of an industrial maintenance plan adapted to each industry, it will be possible to carry out the necessary tasks of revision, correction or replacement of the equipment, thus avoiding the worsening of its current state or future breakdowns.

For example, thanks to industrial maintenance, it is possible to determine if a machinery is causing a higher energy expenditure than it should due to malfunctions in its operation.

In addition, industrial maintenance brings many more benefits:

  • Avoid stops in the activity.
  • It prevents and reduces economic losses.
  • It favors the safety of the facilities and their workers.
  • Increases the useful life of the equipment.
  • Improves the quality of industrial activity.
  • It allows to have a documented monitoring of the maintenance of the equipment.

For all this, you must have a CMMS (Computer Aided Maintenance Management), software that facilitates all maintenance management of a company’s assets.

Corporate culture

It seems that when talking about energy saving systems in the industrial sector, only technical elements should be taken into account.

This is a mistake, since understanding why there is a need for responsible energy consumption habits is also essential for its application.

Therefore, the commitment of industries to saving energy must go beyond wanting to save on bills or comply with current regulations.

The culture of energy saving and its habits must be taken as part of the business philosophy and be accepted by the entire human team that participates in the activity.

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Why is industrial climatization important?

It is very normal

It is very normal for businesses to have industrial climatization systems in their installations. Thanks to them, a suitable environment is achieved, especially with regard to temperature and humidity. If not, many factors would be affected.

Precisely, companies in the industrial sector are somewhat complex environments to manage, since they have many elements that, if they fail or not, could radically change their operation. One of those elements is industrial climatization.

. Thanks to them, a suitable environment is achieved, especially with regard to temperature and humidity. If not, many factors would be affected.

Precisely, companies in the industrial sector are somewhat complex environments to manage, since they have many elements that, if they fail or not, could radically change their operation. One of those elements is industrial climatization.

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What is industrial climatization?

Climatization consists of providing the interior of closed spaces with appropriate conditions of relative humidity, temperature and cleanliness of the air, in order to guarantee its quality. To this, sometimes, pressure conditions are also added.

Therefore, climatization comprises three important factors:

  • Ventilation.
  • Winter climatization or heating.
  • Summer climatization or refrigeration.

Climatization  can be achieved naturally or artificially, such as industrial climatization.

Industrial climatization consists of achieving these environmental properties thanks to specific mechanisms and processes installed for this in industrial businesses.

In this way, factories are able to control their temperature and that of their components in a stable way.

For example, the evacuation systems for air, refrigerants, climatization, etc. They can achieve control of the heat that is generated within the industry, preventing the temperature from rising to a dangerous level.

Importance of industrial climatization

The temperature, air and humidity conditions within the facilities must be appropriate for the performance of the work activity being carried out.

If not, the most important factors will be very negatively affected:

  • The users.
  • Installation equipment.
  • The materials.
  • The product obtained.
  • The clients.

Industrial climatization is particularly relevant in the most delicate production processes, such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals or food.

In addition, not only the installation of an industrial climatization system is important for each of the constituents. It is also essential that such a system works well.

For that reason, the inclusion of industrial climatization should not be overlooked within the industrial maintenance plan of a company. This must operate correctly for the industry to function optimally. For this, it is essential to hire professional services for industrial facilities and maintenance.

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Benefits of industrial climatization

In addition to the aforementioned, the importance of industrial climatization is defined by the great benefits it brings.

Some are easily deductible from what has already been said, but let’s look at them in more detail.

1. Acclimatized services

Depending on the type of activity carried out by a company, especially if it belongs to the industrial sector, it will need to constantly maintain itself in a temperature and humidity scale or another.

Having the appropriate industrial climatization in the installation will be essential for this. This will allow the work to be carried out successfully, ensuring compliance with the conditions that really require certain materials or products.

For example, industries such as chemical, food or where large technological equipment is used, it is necessary to keep an exhaustive control over the conditions of temperature, humidity and air.

Said control will also be given by the correct industrial maintenance of the climatization equipment.

2. Avoid manufacturing defects

This is derived precisely from the previous point. If the production process is not carried out with optimal climatization conditions, it will affect the result.

In this way, defects may appear in the product and it may not reach the customer. And if it arrives by mistake, it will not only be a double expense, as it will have to be replaced, but also the reputation of the company will suffer.

An industrial climatization system favors creating a correct atmosphere for the manufacture and conservation of the product until its distribution. This reduces the chances of faults or manufacturing defects appearing, guaranteeing quality products.

3. Extends the life of machinery

The equipment used inside the factories generates heat that ends up passing to the machinery itself and to the environment. This is due to the very operation of its mechanisms.

Excess heat is detrimental to machines, and can cause breakdowns in the most sensitive parts or put circuits at risk. This will cause the rate of wear to accelerate.

To avoid this, the correct climatization of the rooms where the machinery is located will help to reduce its temperature and protect it from possible deterioration derived from overheating.

4. Protects the health of workers

Without the corresponding ventilation, cooling or heating systems, not only the assets and products would be harmed, but also the employees.

Among the risks that workers can face, especially those in the industrial sector, are:

  • Heatstrokes in summer due to high temperatures.
  • Burns from very hot machinery.
  • Colds due to cold in winter.
  • Difficulty breathing or dizziness due to accumulated bad smells or due to very dense air.

Fortunately, this can be avoided thanks to proper industrial climatization. This will reduce hazards, providing a safer work environment. Taking care of the health of the workers is taking care of the health of the business.

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5. Provides a state of comfort for employees

In addition to providing a suitable work environment for workers in terms of their physical health, the application and proper functioning of industrial climatization equipment will also interfere with their state of mental comfort.

Working with cold or heat, regardless of whether there is no consequence beyond discomfort, will affect concentration and performance of work. Their mood can be seriously damaged if they do not function in a pleasant climate.

6. Maintains proper productivity

Of course, what is affected the most when workers are unhappy in their work is productivity.

Optimal work performance goes hand in hand with employee well-being.

7. Customer / visitor comfort

Those companies that receive customers on a daily basis must take into account the climatization systems for them. A pleasant environment will make them feel comfortable, increasing their predisposition to return.

In addition, some businesses in the industrial sector allow external visits to their facilities to see first-hand their production processes. On those occasions it will also be relevant that visitors do not have an unpleasant feeling during the tour.

8. Provide a correct image of the company

Precisely, part of the image that will be given to the outside of the company will be derived from the comfort of the workers and other users who visit a business.

If it does not have the appropriate industrial climatization and the experience of people in it is unpleasant (due to inadequate conditions of temperature, humidity, etc.), they may transfer a negative opinion of the business to the rest of the world. This will damage the image of it.

In addition, it is worth highlighting the fact of the possible appearance of factory defects in the products due to poor climatization. This is also something that will affect business reputation.

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Industrial climatization system: classification

A classification of the climatization systems can be made based on the methods they use to take the primary energy or to transfer it. In these cases, one can speak of:

  • Air – Air Systems (all air industrial climatization system).
  • Water – Water Systems (all water industrial climatization system).
  • Air – Water Systems.
  • Water – Air Systems.

In these typologies, the first term refers to the exchange fluid with that outdoor unit. The second would serve the indoor unit.

Within these systems, the industrial climatization equipment to be used is multiple, which allows better adaptability for the needs of each company. Among others:

  • Convectors and radiators.
  • Solar heating.
  • VRV (Variable Refrigeration Volume) equipment.
  • Heat pump.
  • Evaporative air conditioners.
  • Radiant floors.
  • Radiant ceilings.
  • Wind extractors.
  • Industrial air conditioners.
  • Hygienic UTAs.
  • Precision conditioning systems
  • Direct expansion systems.

In the industrial sector, the most widely used climatization systems are all-water installations and all-air installations.

All water systems

As far as heating is concerned, the generating equipment produces hot water to feed the transport network. This can be done directly or through an exchanger.

No exchangers are involved in cooling. The cooled fluid from the collector goes directly to the transport network and from there it goes to the evaporator.

All air systems

The fundamental element of this industrial climatization system is the air conditioner, whose name is the Air Treatment Unit (AHU).

This unit is in charge of processing the ambient air continuously in order to return it with suitable conditions, both in temperature and humidity.

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Importance of maintenance in industrial climatization

Industrial maintenance is the set of tasks carried out to review and repair all the elements that participate in the productive process of the company, be it in the industrial sector or, without being it, where there is industrial machinery.

The purpose of these tasks is to guarantee the proper functioning of the teams and, consequently, of the business.

For this reason, industrial maintenance must include industrial climatization maintenance tasks.

These are the benefits of properly maintaining industrial climatization equipment.

1. Financial savings

The economic savings derived from the correct industrial maintenance of the climatization systems, is given by several aspects.

  • Thanks to a correct operation of the industrial climatization equipment, the machinery will suffer less wear as a result of overheating.
  • This will extend the useful life of the equipment, avoiding costly repair or replacement. In turn, this fact, in the long run, allows reducing costs of the industrial maintenance itself.
  • You also save on factory defective products, by not having to replace them with functional ones.

2. Avoid productive stoppages

In the same way, avoiding breakdowns prevents paralyzing production processes or delaying delivery dates.

3. Maintain a good reputation

The productive stoppages would not only affect the economic level, but also the reputational level.

In addition, another aspect in which the image of the company would be damaged as a result of the lack or failure of the industrial climatization is to distribute or sell products with defects.

4. Create safe environments for workers

With proper maintenance of industrial climatization equipment, physical injuries and other health problems of workers will be avoided. A much more pleasant work environment will be created, improving their productivity.

As you can see, there are many benefits derived from industrial climatization, as well as the correct maintenance of its systems.

Counting on the professional services of Cimelsa, each industrial climatization project will be tailor-made, as well as its proper maintenance. This will help you optimize your resources and improve your productivity.

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Comprehensive installations for industrial projects

When starting an industrial project, it is necessary to assess what type of installations are necessary to carry out the production process efficiently. For this, it will be necessary to count on the support, work and experience of companies specialized in comprehensive installations for industrial projects.

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Types of comprehensive installations for industrial projects

Comprehensive installations are the entire set of systems and equipment required by companies to carry out their productive activity.

Within industrial projects, different types of installations can be included, covering a large number of fields. Some of them are as follows.

Climatization installations

  • Precision conditioning systems.
  • Heating system, either with centralized or individual boiler and radiators.
  • Solar heating.
  • VRV (Variable Refrigerant Flow) systems.
  • Air-air heat pump.
  • Water-water system.
  • Air-water system.
  • Reversible underfloor heating.
  • Air conditioning for industrial processes.
  • Direct expansion systems.

Gas installations

  • Low, medium, high and very high pressure services.
  • Central heating installations.
  • Reception facilities in buildings.

Instalaciones de electricidad

  • Electric panels.
  • Electromechanical.
  • Electropneumatics.
  • Electrical connection.
  • Exterior and interior lighting.
  • Transformation centers.
  • Generators.
  • Distribution.

Ventilation systems

  • Ventilation in infrastructures.
  • Smoke evacuation ducts.
  • Renovation and supply of outside air for air conditioning.
  • Variable refrigerant volume.

Sound systems

  • Public address.
  • Remote audio and video controls.
  • Sounding.
  • Multimedia installations.
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Fire safety

  • CO detection (in gyms, workspaces, garages).
  • Conventional fire detection.
  • Extinguishing with sprinklers and BIE’s.
  • Pumping groups.
  • Gaseous agent extinguishing systems.
  • Fireproofing.

Video surveillance

  • Controls by video surveillance in IP system.
  • Controls by video surveillance in a closed system.

Sanitation and plumbing

  • Pressure groups.
  • Exterior and interior plumbing networks.
  • Sanitation networks.

Alternative energies

  • Geothermal energy.
  • Photovoltaic Solar Energy,
  • Solar thermal.
  • Biomass

Telecommunications

  • Ethernet networks.
  • Optical fiber.
  • Structured cabling.
  • Voice and data.

Regulation and control

  • Control of facilities.
  • Centralized building management.

Pressure devices

  • Exchange boilers.
  • Economizers.
  • Aero coolants.

Home automation systems

  • Alarms
  • Communication.
  • Thermoregulation.
  • Communication.
  • Comprehensive automation.
  • Energy management.
  • Sound diffusion.

Automatisms

  • Door frames.
  • Access control.

Cleanroom construction

  • For food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, aerospace, nanotechnology, etc.

Legalization of studies and projects

  • Energy efficiency studies.
  • Legalization and management of facilities.
  • Reports by thermography.
  • Management and optional control of projects.
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Comprehensive installation services

Companies that provide comprehensive services to buildings and industrial facilities, such as Cimelsa, provide a global solution to the needs of the client who is going to start their project or when it is already in operation.

These companies can be in charge of directing the entire project from scratch, coordinating its execution, as well as the start-up and maintenance of industrial facilities, or offer specific services in any of the areas of comprehensive facilities.

The purpose of these experts is to ensure that their clients focus solely on their core business. Meanwhile, they are in charge of managing and providing most of the auxiliary services for their facilities.

Collective agreement for comprehensive services to buildings and facilities

The team of professionals working in companies that provide comprehensive services to buildings and facilities is usually made up of engineers, installers and specialist technicians from each area.

Comprehensive service companies, which are known as multi-service companies, do not have their own agreement that covers all their activities globally.

For this reason, different situations can arise: from the application of the collective agreement of the main activity offered, to the application of the agreement of the activity contracted on each occasion.

In any case, in the case of industry, this type of service is only offered by qualified professionals who know the current regulations for the installation and maintenance of industrial projects, with the responsibility that this entails.

It is in whose hands the management of industrial projects lies.

Industrial project management: what does it consist of?

The integral management of industrial projects consists of providing an integral service putting all the disciplines of engineering for the benefit of the industries. This involves everything from design, through manufacturing and assembly, to commissioning and industrial maintenance.

For this, it is necessary to have a multidisciplinary team that controls and manages each and every aspect of the project. Which, as has been said, must be addressed from all areas of engineering.

Types of industrial projects

Depending on the objectives set, it is possible to differentiate three types of industrial projects:

  • Of facilities and industrial plants. Focused on the construction of facilities or industrial plants for various sectors of the industry.
  • Projects for industrial production lines and processes. With them, the networks, lines and production systems essential for the manufacture of products are designed and activated.
  • For the design of equipment, machines and their components. They are destined to create from the design of prototypes, to the construction of the final equipment.

Although the three types of industrial projects mentioned have different purposes, they share certain common phases and structures, required for their management and development.

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Phases of industrial project management

Industrial project management will go through various stages. The contracting of companies that provide these services can be done only for the main phases or for the entire set if it is about comprehensive facilities.

1. Counselling

At first, the client will raise their needs with the professionals and an advice will be given. Once the first proposals have been presented and the most basic guidelines agreed, the design will proceed.

2. Design phase

Hand in hand with qualified professionals in the areas to work, a preliminary study of the project is carried out. In this, the viability of the same is assessed before starting it up.

For this, the bases established by the company to which the service is going to be provided, as well as the current legal regulations, are taken into account.

In this phase, among other tasks, objectives are defined, plans are drawn, tasks are distributed, resources are chosen, the schedule is planned and the budget is developed.

All this by applying data to a model or set of them, to achieve qualitative and quantitative results.

The resulting document, where all these aspects will be reflected, will serve as a presentation of the project in front of clients and investors, as a guide to start working and as an explanatory reference.

3. Construction phase

At this stage the information described in the design originates elements of facilities and equipment already in their physical and material form.

It is an industrial manufacturing activity in which certain materials are converted into capital goods. This transformation occurs in accordance with the provisions of the previous phase.

4. Installation and assembly phase

During this activity, again following the information established in the design project, all the elements that make up a team or installation are assembled.

This is done in such a way that they fulfill the purpose for which they were created.

5. Start-up phase

Once all the components of the equipment have been assembled and installed, it will start up to check its operation.

In this way, you will see for the first time how the installation responds and if it fulfills its mission.

The commissioning of any of the types of integral installations within the industry must be carried out by the same professionals who carried out its implementation.

This is so, if there is a manufacturing or assembly error, they are the ones who must provide a solution.

To this end, a monitoring and evaluation will be carried out in the first moments to detect possible deviations and apply the corrections.

6. Maintenance phase

The relationship of the industrial company with which it offers comprehensive services to buildings and facilities, may end with the final delivery and its start-up, or continue with industrial maintenance tasks.

An industrial maintenance company is one that performs all the revision work of industrial facilities to guarantee the correct functioning of the equipment and guarantee efficiency, quality and safety in the production processes.

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Industrial maintenance

Within industrial maintenance, different types of maintenance can be distinguished, which differ from each other by the class of tasks carried out in each one:

  • Predictive industrial maintenance.
  • Preventive industrial maintenance.
  • Corrective industrial maintenance.
  • Early industrial maintenance.
  • Industrial maintenance in use.

Industrial maintenance is one that covers the set of aspects and care operations that industrial equipment and facilities need throughout their useful life. All this in order to preserve its functional benefits in optimal conditions.

To meet this objective, this maintenance will be carried out from all the necessary approaches (predictive, corrective …).

In order to guarantee their correct productive development, industrial facilities should have an integrated industrial maintenance system.

The integrated industrial maintenance system is the planning and control tool for effective maintenance management of equipment and facilities within industries.

Its purpose is to maximize productivity, increasing the number of assets available to the business. In addition, it reduces and controls the costs derived from any failure in the equipment.

Comprehensive industrial maintenance management tasks use GMAO (Computer Assisted Maintenance Management) software. This is made up of different sections that make it easy to keep an in-depth control of all the tasks carried out by maintenance teams.

In this way, not only the necessary analysis is carried out:

  • It allows a better organization.
  • It makes it possible to manage assets, personnel and resources.
  • Facilitates making faster and more flexible decisions on objective criteria.

All his added to the advantages of industrial maintenance.

Advantages of industrial maintenance

The advantages derived from industrial maintenance are considerable. Among them are:

  • Reduction of equipment downtime due to breakdowns.
  • Cost reduction (in repairs, replacements, etc.).
  • Increase in the useful life of the equipment.
  • Quality improvement in work activity.
  • Reduction of risks due to occupational accidents.
  • Irreparable damage is prevented.
  • Documented monitoring of maintenance, especially with the use of CMMS.

Once the multiple possibilities of comprehensive industrial facilities have been clarified, do not doubt that having the security and guarantee of a comprehensive facilities and maintenance services company such as Cimelsa, with several decades of experience, is essential to achieve the objectives of your industrial project. .

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Industrial Electrical Installations: how do they work?

Within the scope of industry, each business must have adequate industrial electrical installations to be able to carry out its production process normally. This is due to the fact that the machinery used in this sector consumes a large amount of electrical resources, which is why electrical connections will be implemented on a large scale.

Additionally, due to their large size and the number of elements that compose it, they must have safety guarantees and technical characteristics that allow them to face possible breakdowns and their consequences. In addition, they will also have to be subjected to proper industrial maintenance.

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What are industrial electrical installations and how do they work?

Industrial electrical installations are a set of equipment that forms the electrical circuits that are needed for the transformation, control and distribution of electrical energy in industries.

These work with three-phase current and to design their structure and elements it is necessary to carry out a study in advance.

Normally, industrial electrical installations work with an energy between 10 kV and 20 kV, which is considered as medium voltage, or higher than 30 kV, obtaining the high voltage rating.

Basic elements required in an industrial electrical installation

When it comes to electrical installations and that they work correctly, certain basic elements are necessary.

Equipos de medición y contadores eléctricos

They allow to control and quantify energy consumption. In this way, it can be tracked through review and reading.

They must be in a place of easy access, but protected.

Electric panels

The industrial electrical panel is in charge of managing the adequate electrical power for each of the devices that will be connected to the electrical network, supervising their correct operation.

Transformers

They are the equipment whose purpose is to convert the electrical voltage supplied to the voltage necessary for the optimal performance of the facilities.

Connections

Connections are the installations that conduct energy from its source to the point of supply. These can be of two types, underground or aerial, the former being more common.

Starters

They are the elements used to turn the electric motors on and off. They are also responsible for providing protection to the electrical system against possible voltage drops and surges.

Grounding

Safety systems that bypass voltage surges in order to protect users from a possible serious accident derived from any overload.

Power suppliers

The power outlets or plugs will be placed in the walls to allow the passage of electrical current to a computer when it is connected to this outlet.

Switches

Devices for closing or opening the electric current that runs through the circuits and connections. The main ones are:

  • The general switch: serves to open or close the circuit.
  • The thermomagnetic: protects against short circuits and overloads.
  • Derivative: to protect and disconnect feeders.
  • Control switches: serve to limit power consumption, in addition to protecting against overloads.
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What types of industrial electrical installations exist?

Mainly, electrical installations can be divided into two groups: according to their intended use and according to their voltage. Within them, there will be different types.

1. Electrical installations according to use

According to the operating objective, within the electrical installations we find:

1.1. Transportation facilities

The transport facilities are the electrical lines that, in each case, are connected to the rest of the electrical facilities. They can be overhead lines (with conductors that are installed on supports) or underground (they are installed in galleries and trenches).

1.2. Generating facilities

They are those electrical installations that are characterized by originating an electromotive force from other forms of energy. That electromotive force is translated into electrical energy.

This type of facility uses high voltage transmission lines to transport alternating current from the generating site to the place where it is consumed. This end point can be many kilometers away.

1.3. Receiving facilities

These facilities convert electrical energy into other different types of energy for common use. In receiving electrical installations, five parts are distinguished:

  • Drivers
  • Feeding.
  • Command and maneuver.
  • Security elements.
  • Consumption points.

1.4. Transforming facilities

Within this type of electrical installations, the electrical energy achieves different characteristics than the original ones after modifying a series of parameters. They can reduce or extend their tension for safer transportation use.

2. Electrical installations according to their voltage

In the differentiation of electrical installations by their voltage, there are the following.

2.1. Electrical s installations of high tension

These are the ones that are used mostly in the industry. They are classified, within them, those facilities that generate, transport, distribute and transform electrical energy with voltages higher than 1000 volts (in alternating current) or 1500 volts (in direct current).

In this type of installation, the voltage is generated by motive force and can come from different points, such as thermoelectric, nuclear, wind or photovoltaic plants.

A detail to highlight is that in this type of installation, the energy is transformed into low voltage so that it can be consumed by the end user.

2.2. Low-voltage electrical installations

Low voltage electrical installations are those that generate or distribute electrical energy for the own consumption of end customers. They have a power less than 1000 volts and greater than 24.

Below that power, it would be necessary to speak of very low voltage installations, which are rarely used.

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Standards for industrial electrical installations

When making a new industrial electrical installation or making any modification to an existing one, a series of regulations and requirements must be complied with.

The Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism is the entity in charge of regulating all regulations related to industrial safety, including high and low voltage installations.

In the case of high voltage, you must adhere to the provisions of Royal Decree 337/2014, of May 9, which approves the Regulation on technical conditions and safety guarantees in high voltage electrical installations and its Instructions Complementary Techniques ITC-RAT 01 to 23.

In addition to this, when this type of installation is to be carried out, the procedure must be communicated to the Collaborating Entities of the Administration, as processing entities. There must also be an initial study where the entire design is collected, as well as the resources to be used.

To carry out the project, it must have companies authorized and certified by the Ministry.

In addition to all this, when Cimelsa and our own engineering team design electrical installations, they do so taking into account the maximum operability of the installation’s resources, placing special emphasis on the protection of material and personal assets. It is a crucial way to avoid workplace accidents.

Design of industrial electrical installations: what should they be like?

When developing the design of industrial electrical installations, the electrical power needs required by the different areas of industrial production must be taken into account. This, within the established regulatory framework and complying with the security provisions.

The professional in charge of the design and dimensioning of the installation must assess the calculation of the power to be hired, as well as:

The location of the workshop and production areas.
The general location and its relationship with the environment.
Equipment location.
Possibility of new production environments.
Mechanical details and characteristics of the equipment, such as current, voltage, frequency, power, etc.

Once these aspects have been studied and consolidated, the design can begin.

The optimal operation of industrial electrical installations will depend on the design being carried out properly and taking into account fundamental aspects.

Safety

Existing regulations and other measures related to safety in the design will be taken into account, with respect to protection and isolation systems against electric shocks, fires, ventilation systems, signaling and emergency lighting.

Possible variations

When calculating the necessary power, possible variations in the location of the equipment, associated voltage drops or their replacement by other more powerful ones will be included.

Systems layout

When designing the electrical plans, the location of the control panels and supply routes will be taken into account.

The objective is to make them accessible so that they can be reviewed and repaired, and to carry out all kinds of industrial maintenance tasks on electrical installations.

Auxiliary supply facilities

To guarantee the continuity of the electricity supply in the industries in the event of system failures, auxiliary supply elements must be included in the design. In addition, as a complement to the energy that is contracted, generating sets will also be established that will be fed from lines independent of the general table.

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Essential requirements in industrial electrical installations

Security against external agents, as well as problems that may arise inside the facilities, is an issue that requires a great deal of attention. Any failure can damage equipment and affect productivity and staff.

Some of the most important requirements within industrial electrical installations are protection against voltage dips, overloads and short circuits.

Protection against voltage dips

When a voltage drop occurs, systems are deprived of electricity. For this reason, electric motors are protected thanks to the installation of an automatic power cut-off mechanism.

Protection against overloads and short circuits

Any functional element within the electrical installations must be protected, in all its phases, against any overload or short circuit of the system.

For this, the designs and installations must be carried out in accordance with the regulations, in addition to the essential safety principles in each case.

It must be borne in mind that failures derived from equipment breakdowns in industrial facilities can lead to very serious problems. These can put the system itself at risk, as well as the business in general and the human team.

Hence, it is particularly relevant, not only a correct electrical installation, but also to consider the importance of industrial maintenance.

Maintenance of electrical installations

Industrial maintenance is the set of tasks for the revision of machinery, equipment, facilities and other elements, carried out in the field of industry.

Its purpose is to ensure the optimal operation of the industrial business by detecting existing or potential failures and being able to implement the corresponding improvements.

Of course, in electrical installations, it is essential to anticipate by reviewing what future problems could entail. For example, the stoppage of the production of a factory or distribution center, with the consequences that this would entail.

Industrial electrical installations carry an added responsibility for the dangerousness of their manipulation. This implies that only qualified companies such as Cimelsa can face its installation, design, repair and maintenance, due to their knowledge, preparation and experience of more than 30 years.

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